Sistematização dos requisitos do usuário em projetos de construção de habitação de interesse social no município de Marabá-Pa

Abstract

The majority of Brazilians now are living in an urban environment, which, together with the disorderly population growth over the years, has generated numerous social problems. With regard to the housing deficit, several debates initiated between public and private institutional agents with the aim of softening the problem and offering decent living conditions for all Brazilians. The result of these debates was the creation of the Plano Nacional de Habitação (PlanHab), and from it emerged the institutional programs of housing assistance, such as the "Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV) ", implemented in 2009 in several Brazilian cities. This program was designed to promote housing of social interest (HIS) to people with monthly income of up to ten (10) minimum wages. For many reasons, it is observed that in a post-occupancy assessment of these housing complexes, those contemplated make modifications to the property received or abandon it. In view of this, the present work aims to understand the user's behavior, identifying and systematizing the requirements considered by him as indispensable for the property to present quality, and, for that, a case study was carried out in three (3) housing in the city of Marabá, State of Pará. In this research the methodology was Design Science Research, which is composed of 12 (twelve) steps, among them, the systematic review, field study and data crossing. Regarding the procedure, in the systematic review stage, 15 (fifteen) requirements were selected based on post-occupancy evaluations (APO) of 22 (twenty-two) publications by authors of the area for the elaboration of a field questionnaire. In the field phase, the Google Forms extension was used to apply the questionnaire in the residential Vale do Tocantins, Tiradentes and Jardim do Éden, and then, in the data-crossing step, the answers obtained were analyzed. From the analysis, it was possible to identify the residents' dissatisfaction with key points for habitability, such as minimum spacing, inadequate thermal comfort, lack of accessibility and insecurity (in relation to residence and neighborhood). Based on these data, mitigating measures were proposed for the most critical points, as well as the raising of important issues that should be addressed in future research.