Análise multitemporal do uso e ocupação das Zonas De Adensamento Controlado (ZAC) na cidade de Marabá-Pa

Abstract

Urban expansion in Brazil, which was initially guided by the intense development of the urban-industrial economy, brought with it social inequalities and the presence of agents that frantically seek to justify urban territorial growth, in terms of land use and occupation, to penetrate areas classified as vulnerable or of environmental interest. In this context, the city of Marabá, located in southeastern Pará, Brazil, presents in its Municipal Master Plan a division of its urban macro-zone, which has different degrees of consolidation and basic infrastructure to allow the balanced distribution of population density in the city. Among the existing sectors are the Controlled Density Zones or Sectors (CDZ), areas that exist to distribute urban activities in an attempt to minimize the pressure on the city’s central area caused by increased population density. The present study aimed to analyze the limits of the CDZ areas in the Nova Marabá, Velha Marabá, and Cidade Nova centers, as they are designated in the territorial plan of Marabá and conduct a multitemporal analysis of these areas to understand their expansion dynamics in the municipality. To this end, a tool from the Google Earth Pro software was used, in which historical images from the years 2005, 2010, and 2020 were analyzed and, subsequently, image charts were elaborated, where occupation patterns were observed. As noted, some CDZs in the Velha Marabá and Nova Marabá centers should be removed in the next revision of the city’s Master Plan since they currently no longer meet the guidelines set forth regarding these spaces. The disorderly expansion has exceeded the limits of the CDZs defined in the 2018 Master Plan with the population and has led to the occupation of areas of environmental interest and of risk.