Ferramentas de sensoriamento remoto para análise forense de patologias asfálticas de rodovias

Abstract

The work aimed to identify the benefits of remote sensing tools to aid forensic studies on asphalt pathologies on highways. Thus, the points registered by the Drone, had the objective of identifying the structural characteristics of the pathologies in the asphalt coatings of highways, which are compatible with those recommended by the DNIT Standard (2003). The Case Study research was used as a methodological design, where data on pathologies were collected in stretches of the BR 158 Highway, located near the municipality of Santana do Araguaia - PA. The methodology adopted was summarized in carrying out, in loco, the mapping of the pathologies with their respective geographic coordinates and the recording of the images through the Drone, then, they were carried out, in a fixed workstation, the capture of images from Google Street View and Google Earth Pro. Initially, in the field work, we sought, through images obtained by Drone, to register the asphalt pathologies, which would be considered as the standard model, and later, with the tools from Google Street View and Google Earth Pro, obtain past images that describe the characteristics of the asphalt coating, at the point corresponding to the images recorded by the Drone, to carry out a comparative study. After completing the stage of recording and acquiring the images, identification and adjustment were carried out, as a way of providing the visual quality necessary for a better interpretation of its characteristics. Used for Google Street View and Google Earth Pro, past images relating to the periods 06/2022 – 12/2022 and 08/2022 – 09/2022 respectively, and Drone images, the period 02/2023. After the steps described above, a comparison work was carried out between the images obtained by the Drone, and by the remote sensing tools, where it was possible to infer that they brought a significant collaboration regarding a possible forensic analysis, as they presented efficiently identify the structural configuration of the asphalt coating, in relation to the studied periods. It is therefore concluded that the remote sensing tools used showed satisfactory results for comparison and identification of the behavior of the asphalt coating in the studied periods, therefore, considered an innovative methodology and possible to be adopted for purposes related to the object of this work, as it provides fast and accurate results. In addition, it demonstrated that it is possible to use it as a method in the process of comparing present and past images, in order to, in this way, make it possible to indicate the existence of any alteration in the conformation of the asphalt pavement, and thus, contribute to the aid of forensic analyses, regarding the conclusion of a possible event.