Sistemas biogeográficos do parque nacional dos campos ferruginosos em Carajás-Pa

Abstract

In the Ferruginous Parks due to the formation of rocks with high iron content gives the soils unique characteristics and the vegetation a high endemism. The vegetation associated with the rocky outcrops allows the appearance of endemic species, like the "Flor de Carajás" (ipomoea cavalcantei). This leads us to the objective of spatializing and characterizing the vegetation physiognomies that make up the Ferruginous Fields National Park. The use of remote sensing through the acquisition of satellite images (Landsat-8), atmospheric correction and reprojection and extraction of the Index of Vegetation by Normalized Difference (NDVI), allowed the characterization and quantification of biophysical parameters of the vegetation area. model resulting from the combination of the reflectance level in satellite images in the red and near infrared bands. The results presented in this study lead to four classes and confirms the predominance of the phytophysiognomy in the dense forest with 39.2% and 50.6% open, with the lowest percentage being the open Rocklands with 3.7% and shrublands 6.3% These results are consistent with the results already identified in the literature for the Carajás region. This study constitutes the relevance of studying the phytophysiognomies of the park, in order to guarantee actions for the planning and conservation of the area in question.