Análise energética de um forno elétrico a arco de 40 T utilizando gusa líquido

Abstract

There is a great variation of the total energy consumption between electric arc furnaces. The aim of this work is to explain some of the variables and points of change in practices or equipment which can lead to reduction in total power consumption of an Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) process of 40 tons, taking into consideration the percentage of hot metal loaded. In order to clarify the variations between the thermal efficiency, was chosen to consider all forms of thermal energy equivalent of several forms of energy used. The electric power measure is a usual practice, being measured in the furnace primary transformer. The chemistry enegy requires a carefully consideration, because it has been originated from various sources as exothermic oxidation of carbon, metals and hydrocarbon fuels. Furthermore as the steelworks chose to use different proportions of electrical and chemical energy, it is more meaningful to discuss the total energy consumption. For this reason, The oxidation energy from GLP and Oxigen have been converted to its equivalent in kWh, because of its familiarity, in spite of it is not a metric unit of measure. The study considered the two states (solid and liquid) loaded of pig iron and hot metal, currently used in steelmaking processes. The study enabled one to verify that the amount of flux loaded, influence on the increase of electricity consumption and also has been proved that the increase of the percentage of hot metal loaded in FEA, reduces energy consumption and oxygen.