Atributos físicos e químicos em diferentes agroecossitemas no sudeste paraense

Abstract

For any soil conservation plan we need basic knowledge of genesis, mineralogy, physics, chemistry and soil fertility. This factor enables sustainable development, with emphasis on the economic and environmental aspects, it is perfectly possible to explore the soils of the state of Pará region that has as a major limitation to high acidity, high aluminum saturation and low nutrient availability without occurring a chemical impoverishment even more and at the same time retain sponge cake. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical soil in three different agroecosystems: primary forest, Crop-Livestock-Forest integration system (iLPF) and pasture area. The experiment was conducted in Cristalina farm in São Domingos do Araguaia-PA, Southeastern Pará. Soil samples were collected in three different agroecosystems: Forest, Grassland and iLPF. opening of five monoliths were performed on each of agroecosystems for the removal of soil samples, divided into five layers (0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-30 cm, 30-40 cm, 40-50 cm) . Means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. The highest calcium and exchangeable magnesium (Mg + Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K) and phosphorus (P), occurred in the forest in the 0 - 10 cm. In iLPF system hear an increase with depth in all the analyzed attributes except for potassium and aluminum saturation (m). Regarding pasture Ca + Mg, Ca, Mg, K and P differ significantly from the forest, mainly in the layer 0 - 10. Comparing the soil under native forest and pasture, it is clear that the levels of sand were higher in the pasture area and the amounts of clay, the largest in the forest. Concluding that the physical and chemical soil properties were affected by the different vegetation cover and associated managements. The tillage system integration - Livestock - Forest showed median levels of fertility, resulting in better condition that the pasture area, but being overcome by forest.