Caracterização de remanescentes florestais em unidades de produção familiar no Assentamento Palmeira Jussara no sudeste paraense

Abstract

The amazon jungle extends between Atlantic ocean to the slopes of Andes mountain ranges, and includes nine countries of south America. The Brazil has 69 percent of this area, and the establishment of large projects related with creation of cows, native wood extraction and large monocultures, are contributing to the suppression of amazon jungle trought deforestation. However, still perceived in some settlements areas, forest areas fragments, which can be native or planted by human action. This academic work aims to make the characterization and identification of the potential use of forest remnants in family production units, in settlement project called Palmeira Jussara, located in the city of Marabá, in the southeast of Pará state. A forest inventory was conducted in 16 plots of 25 meters per 25 meters, where were evaluated all species of trees, including individual location within the plots through the Cartesian method of X and Y coordinates for each species, total height (TH), circumference at breast height (CBH) and diameter at breast height (DBH). Data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel spreadsheets to perform the descriptive statistics, the potential use was analyzed from the model used by Franke and species diversity through the Margalef index. Were identified 282 individuals, 45 species and 22 botanic families. The most important families due to the number of species were: Fabaceae, Sterculiaceae, Arecaceae, Lecythidaceae and Caryocaraceae, the Fabaceae family was considered the most numerous. The elements observed in greater number were Inga (Inga spp.) and Mutamba (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam). The total height (HT) of all individuals alternate between 6 meters and 28 meters, the trees with the lowest height were Biribá (Rollinia mucosa) and Inga (Inga spp.) and the biggest was Muiracatiara (Astronium lecointei). The diameter at breast height (DBH) of all individuals alternated between 9 cm to 74 cm, the trees with larger DBH were Moreira (Chlorophora tinctoria) the species with smaller DBH were Tauarí (Cariniana spp.). Products from wood (41%) and non from wood (59%). According to the potential use, the species were classified: 29% potential for shade; 24% potential for firewood; 22% potential for commercial wood; 13% for fauna food; 6% for human consumption; 6% medicinal plant. The species diversity index was 17,95.