Leucena (leucaena leucocephala (lam.) de wit.) em sistemas pecuários de unidades de produção familiares no sudeste paraense

Abstract

The degradation of pasture areas in the southeast of Pará has limited fodder supplies for animals. Woody have been indicated for Animal supplementation. This study aimed to test the leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam) de Wit..) As alternative forage in the composition of livestock systems deployed in a participatory manner in family production units nesting Belo Horizonte I, São Domingos do Araguaia - PA. Therefore, this study was divided into three main lines of action: in one of them aimed to the evaluation of biomass on a cut bank established in 2010 in the settlement (ATPA 1). In a second property of the locality (ATPA 3) the purpose of the study was to quantify the biomass produced in leucaena bank for grazing, cutting in two seasons (wet and dry). Finally we report the implementation of a agrosilvopastoral system in a third property in the same settlement (ATPA5), this study was carried out from the implementation of action test carried out by the farmers themselves. The family resides on the property made the process of decision making by leucena intercropped with annual crops: cassava, corn and sun hemp. For the ATPA 1 the methodology predicted the cut forage (70 cm from the ground) and separating the unusable fraction material - FN (stem -> 1 cm) and usable fraction - FU (leaves, pods and branches - <1 cm) , weighed and dried (oven at 60º C). There were non-directive interviews with family for reporting the activities in the area. In January / 2012 it was observed that the leucaena survival rate was satisfactory (57.8%), but the plants have not reached sufficient height (88.2 cm) to the first cut (rainy season) and the family decided to leave action. To ensure the continuity of the research was necessary adjustment in the methodology, and moved up the grazing bank ratings (ATPA 1), for cutting bank (ATPA 3). The cut in this new area was held in March and June 2012, referring to the rainy season and dry, respectively. For the collection of biomass was used a completely randomized design with three plots with three replications in each. The evaluations were compared with the results of the dry period in 2011. The production of biomass per hectare of leucaena was considered low (FU = 1.75 kg / DM / ha), depending on the bank have had their spacing planned to be intercropped with millet, which is no longer used. Sixty days after the court found that the growth parameters, as well as its regrowth capacity were considered satisfactory. Regarding the ATPA 5, it was observed at the end of the study as the plants reached satisfactory height, taking into account the conditions of planting and management adopted.