Diagnóstico da qualidade físico-química da camada superficial do solo e a produtividade da soja em dois anos agrícolas no Sítio Boa Esperança em Dom Eliseu Pará

Abstract

Soybean is a high protein legume that has spread rapidly around the world, with Brazil as the second largest producer. It is possible to observe the increased cultivation of this legume in the north and northeast of the country. The objective of this work was to evaluate how soybean planting over time influences soil physicochemical changes and yield. Knowing its properties will allow us to diagnose what it will take to keep the soil with productive potential, because crop production is associated with attributes. The experiment was carried out in the field and conducted in the off-season after 2018 and 2019 harvests, taking place in an area with soybean planting already established, but which was not prepared for two agricultural years, remaining without revolving and keeping the remains. cultural The properties of the soil showed some changes such as the amount of calcium + magnesium, iron, manganese, boron that increased and zinc decreased. There was an increase in CTC with the increase in calcium, potassium and sodium cations which shows an improvement in plant nutrition. The pH, copper, magnesium, aluminum and hydrogen + aluminum contents were not changed. There was an increase in phosphorus and base saturation. The physical attributes evaluated indicate that the soil is at its optimum quality level, and the density was 1.005 g cm-³; 14% macroporosity and 40% microporosity. Soybean yield between planting cycles was increased by one bag per hectare.