Produção de biocombustíveis via craqueamento de resíduos (óleo de fritura e sebo bovino) em escala de bancada

Abstract

The present work investigated the production and quality of biofuels produced by thermal and thermal catalytic cracking of raw materials from urban and agroindustrial waste (residual frying oil and bovine tallow). Among the main results we can highlight: the catalytic thermal cracking process was better than the reaction only with the temperature effect (thermal cracking), that is, the quality of biofuels. However, in terms of yield, thermal cracking was better. It should also be noted that the frying oil showed to be a better raw material than the bovine tallow (higher yield in liquid product, initial cracking temperature, initial cracking time), less, as regards acidity index, where PLO content of the catalytic thermal cracking had a lower value, about 9.60 mgKOH / g compared to 67.90 mgKOH / g of the PLO obtained from the frying oil. In relation to the fractions, it can be emphasized that the thermal cracking of the frying oil favored the production of biokerosene, since the product from the bovine tallow favored the production of biogasoline, while the reactions under the catalytic effect favored the production of bioquerosene and green diesel. As for acidity the best result was the fraction of green diesel which showed absence of acidity in its composition. This fact corroborates the efficiency of the catalyst used in the reaction (Na2CO3), both in the PLO result and in the fractions.