Geoecologia das paisagens: geossistemas do Parque Nacional dos Campos Ferruginosos, Carajás, PA

Abstract

This paper deals with the landscape analysis of the Campos Ferruginosos National Park geosystem, a recent integral federal conservation unit located in the municipalities of Parauapebas and Canãa dos Carajás. This research aimed to describe the synthesis of landscape composition in the Campos Ferruginosos National Park, characterizing and mapping the geoecological processes. Appropriating the integrated analysis of landscape components, as well as the theoretical and methodological foundations of Landscape Geoecology, it was possible to do all the geoecological characterization and typological classification of the area. With the aid of remote sensing through satellite images and the use of GIS techniques, it was possible to make two central maps of the research, the geoecological units and the landscape functions, both in the scale of 1:250:000. As a result, five landscape units were identified, among them Open Plateau Field Plateau, Shrubbery Plateau Field Plateau, Open Ombrophylous Forest Covered Plateau, Dense Ombrophilous Forest Covered Plateau and Piedmont with Anthropized Secondary Vegetation. These units were divided according to their function into three main categories, namely: accumulation, emission and transmission. The delimitation of the units and the functional synthesis served to understand the integration of all processes and the various components and geocomplexes that integrate the landscape of the area. The results of this work may serve as a tool for environmental planning and management, since it is a recent area, with no management plan and may also serve as a subsidy for future studies.