Plantas daninhas e pragas da pastagem após uso do fogo no município de São João do Araguaia-PA

Abstract

The Brazilian Amazon is a region with great influence on livestock in the country, it is an activity that uses pastures as the main food source for animals, however, large areas of these pastures suffer from degradation damage, resulting in forage and nutrient losses, compaction of the soil, pest infestations and weed proliferation. With that in mind, the objective of this work is to evaluate the incidence, quantify and identify weed and pest species in a pasture area, and from that to establish a correlation with soil fertility. For this, the collections and observations were carried out on a rural property in the municipality of São João do Araguaia, southeast of Pará, from April to June 2022, such collections were carried out in two pasture areas, with the aid of a sweeping net. and square inventory in ten plots, soon after, phytosociological parameters were used to calculate the frequency, density, abundance, importance value index and similarity index of the observed weed species. In the pest survey, there is no species with population density to be considered a pest, in the weed survey, seven species were identified, divided into five botanical families, within area 1, 61 plants belonging to five distinct species were surveyed, while in area 2, 38 plants divided into five species were observed, similarity was found between the species of the two studied areas. However, we have the species Calopogonium mucunoides as the most prominent plant within the survey, due to the number of individuals and the spread in the areas, and thus, the lack of proper management and the chemical characteristics of the soil may have contributed negatively to the emergence of weeds in pastures.