Uso de metodologias ativas e objetos digitais de aprendizagem na construção de conhecimentos sobre fenômenos nucleares

Abstract

Aiming to reflect on the insertion of Modern and Contemporary Physics in basic education, this work presents a didactic sequence that aims to associate the use of active methodologies, a teaching process that necessarily promotes learning with meaning and understanding of the student together with the digital objects of learning, for the construction of knowledge about nuclear phenomena, specifically, the processes of: Fission and Nuclear Fusion. In the case of Brazilian basic education, Physics taught in schools is focused on Classical Physics, traditionally called banking education, without teacher qualification, it is the holder of all knowledge. For (FREIRE, 2013), the term ”banking” means that the teacher sees the student as a bank, in which he deposits knowledge. In practice, this means that the student is like an empty vault in which the teacher adds formulas, letters and scientific knowledge until he ”enriches” the student. Given the above, a didactic sequence is proposed to carry out the teaching and learning process of the Fission and Nuclear Fusion phenomena that will associate active methodologies, inverted classroom and problem-based learning, to digital learning objects: Mind Maps and Conceptuals, among these alternatives, we can emphasize the use of computer simulations to promote a more specific and efficient teaching, to solve some problems of traditional teaching. During the last few years, many researches have explored the effectiveness of computer simulations to support the teaching and learning of science, as it is necessary to understand the real possibilities and limitations of this instrument for teaching, as well as the most appropriate ways to work it with students. We have as examples the simulations of the PhET Project (Figure 9) and VASCAK (figure 10). In addition, the didactic sequence displayed in (table 2) will be implemented in an Educational Site, developed with the Google Suite platform, which will host the digital learning objects, promoting a Virtual Learning Environment.