Estudo geoespeleológico da província espeleológica Altamira-Itaituba - PA

Abstract

The Amazon boasts a vast natural diversity, marked by its tropical and humid climate, its extensive forest and its voluptuous rivers, which act in an integrated way to maintain and function, in the Amazon region there is a predominance of caves found in karst composed of poorly soluble rocks (pseudocarst) which is the result of the geological-geomorphological context characteristic of the region, this work aims to understand and analyze the development, functioning and formation of the PEAI which is found in the Amazon rainforest, taking into account the specific objectives of understanding the formation of karst in sandstone rock, identifying the systems that make up the speleological province (geomorphological, hydrological, pedological and geological), understanding the environmental characteristics of the PEAI and describing the main environmental problems with a focus on deforestation, The research was based on a literature review, using authors such as Luiz Eduardo Panisset Travassos (2019) in Principles of Karstology and Karst Geomorphology, Ford and William (1989) in Karst Geomorphology and Hydrology, Luís B. Piló (2000) in Karst Geomorphology, Pinheiro (2015) Sandstone caves of the Altamira-Itaituba speleological province: speleogenetic data based on the example of Gruta das mãos (PA), Amazonia, Brazil and Freire (2018) with Geomorphological Study in Sandstone Caves of the Para Amazon, Hardt R (2008) with Karst System and Anthropic Impacts. The choice of methodology was based on the interpretation of karst as a system made up of interdependent systems, where each one plays a crucial role in the functioning of the whole, in this sense it was necessary for the research to have a multidisciplinary approach, taking into account factors of the geomorphological, geological, hydrological, pedological and speleological dynamics of the area, thus carrying out a systemic approach to research.